Estado capitalista e democracia

uma relação de contingência

Abstract

Starting from the world phenomenon of the rising governments with authoritarian characteristics in the Latin American and world context, this work proposes to recover the discussion on the contingent relationship between state and democracy in capitalism, in a Marxist perspective. Such a discussion is presented as an alternative approach to the liberal institutionalist current. To this end, some interpretations will be critically presented which establish a normative conception of liberal democracy, which is understood as a political regime aligned with the modernization process based on a set of individual rights and guarantees, and therefore incompatible authoritarian state interventions in society. In addition, it discusses the relevance of the debate on the relationship between capitalist state and liberal democracy, from a critical perspective to the understanding of phenomena with the rise of governments with authoritarian traits. It concludes that the rise of governments with authoritarian characteristics is not a diversion, but a possibility in capitalist social formations. Also, one finds that the democratic phenomenon, like the authoritarian one, must be interpreted from its contingent nature in capitalist societies.